Adolf Hitler
(20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was
the dictator of Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945.
During his
dictatorship, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1
September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the
war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust, the genocide of about
six million Jews and millions of other victims.
1- Hitler
was born in Austria. He developed his political ideas in Vienna, a city with a
large Jewish community, where he lived from 1907 to 1913. In those days, Vienna
had a mayor who was very anti-Jewish, and hatred of Jews was very common in the
city.
Hitler spent
a part of his youth in Vienna, Austria, where antisemitism was very prevalent
and highly advocated. He may have been influenced by some of the ideological
ideas of that environment.
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2- During
the First World War (1914-1918), Hitler was a soldier in the German army. At
the end of the war he, and many other German soldiers like him, could not get
over the defeat of the German Empire. The German army’s command spread the myth
that the army had not lost the war on the battlefield, but because they had
been betrayed. By a ‘stab in the back’, as it was called at the time. Hitler
bought into the myth: Jews and communists had betrayed the country and brought
a left-wing government to power that had wanted to throw in the towel.
3- By
blaming the Jews for the defeat, Hitler created a stereotypical enemy. In the
1920s and early 1930s, the defeated country was still in a major economic
crisis. According to the Nazis, expelling the Jews was the solution to the
problems in Germany.
This
political message and the promise to make Germany economically strong again won
Hitler the elections in 1932. After he had come to power, the laws and measures
against the Jews increased all the time. It ended in the Shoah, the Holocaust,
the murder of six million European Jews.
5- Hitler
believed that the Jewish had some conspiracy to control the world and that they
would stab Germans in the back whenever it would suit them.
6- Hitler and many Nazis believed in the superiority of the Aryan (German) race and that Jews were inferior to such an extent that they were almost non-human in his eyes. He felt that he would be doing the world a favor by wiping out the Jewish race.
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